FAQ: Understanding IEPs and IEEs

Navigating the world of special education can feel overwhelming for many parents and caregivers. Understanding terms like IEP (Individualized Education Program) and IEE (Independent Educational Evaluation), including what these mean, how they differ, and how they work together, can make a big difference in supporting a child’s educational journey.

In our latest post, our Pediatric Clinical Psychologist in San Diego answers frequently asked questions about IEPs and IEEs to help families feel more informed and confident.

Kealoha Psychology is on the IEE Preferred Provider List for school districts throughout San Diego and offers professional consultations and advocacy support to help guide your child towards success. To learn more about our evaluation services, including IEEs, please visit our Evaluation Types page.

What is an IEP?

An IEP stands for Individualized Education Program. It is a written plan developed by a team that includes educators, specialists, and the child’s parents or guardians. The IEP outlines the specific educational goals, services, and supports a child with a disability needs to succeed in school.

Key features of an IEP:

• Created for children who qualify for special education under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).

• Includes measurable goals tailored to the child’s unique needs.

• Specifies school-funded services like Speech Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Counseling, and other paraprofessionals.

• Lists accommodations and modifications to help the child access the curriculum.

• Reviewed and updated at least once a year.

  
  

The IEP is a legal document that ensures schools provide the necessary support for a child’s education. It is designed to help children learn in the least restrictive environment possible to meet their needs. For additional information, see our previous blog: FAQ: Understanding the Key Differences Between IEPs and 504 Plan.

What is an IEE?

An IEE means Independent Educational Evaluation. It is an evaluation conducted by a qualified professional who is not employed by the child’s school district and is thus "independent." Parents may request an IEE if they disagree with the school’s evaluation of their child’s needs. Kealoha Psychology is on the IEE Preferred Provider List for school districts throughout San Diego. For additional information about IEEs in California, please refer to the California Department of Education, Independent Educational Evaluations website.

Why request an IEE?

• To get a second opinion on the child’s diagnosis or educational needs.

• To explore additional areas of concern not covered in the school’s evaluation.

• To ensure the child’s IEP is based on accurate and comprehensive information.

  
  

The school district must consider the results of an IEE when developing or revising the child’s IEP. In some cases, the district may be required to pay for the IEE if the parent disagrees with the school’s evaluation.

Kealoha Psychology is on the IEE Preferred Provider List for school districts throughout San Diego and offers professional consultations and advocacy support to help guide your child towards success. To learn more about our IEE services please visit our Evaluation Types page.

Understanding IEPs and IEEs: How do they work together?

IEPs and IEEs are connected but serve different purposes. The IEP is the plan that guides a child’s education, while the IEE is a tool parents can use to challenge or supplement the school’s evaluation.

• If parents feel the school’s evaluation missed something important, an IEE can provide additional insights.

• The IEE results can lead to changes in the IEP to better meet the child’s needs.

• Both documents focus on supporting the child’s learning and development.

  
  

Parents should communicate openly with the school team about their concerns and share any independent evaluations to ensure the IEP reflects the child’s current needs.

Common questions about IEPs and IEEs

Who can request an IEP?

Parents, teachers, or school staff can request an evaluation to determine if a child qualifies for an IEP. Parents often start this process if they notice their child struggling academically or socially.

How long does it take to get an IEP?

Once a child is referred for evaluation, the school has 60 calendar days to complete the assessment and decide if the child qualifies for special education services. If the child qualifies for services, the IEP team meets to develop the plan.

Can parents attend IEP meetings?

Yes, parents are essential members of the IEP team! Their input helps shape the goals and services. Schools must notify parents about meetings and encourage their participation.

What if parents disagree with the IEP?

Parents can request changes, ask for mediation, or file a due process complaint if they disagree with the IEP. They can also request an IEE to get an independent evaluation.

How is an IEE different from a school evaluation?

An IEE is conducted by an evaluator chosen by the parents, not the school. This evaluator is not employed by the school district and is thus "independent." The IEE may include different tests or approaches and can provide a fresh, independent perspective of the child’s needs.

Tips for parents navigating IEPs and IEEs

• Keep detailed records of all evaluations, meetings, and communications with the school.

• Ask questions if you don’t understand parts of the IEP or evaluation reports.

• Request an IEE early if you have concerns about the school’s evaluation.

• Focus on your child’s strengths when discussing goals and services, not just their challenges.

• Bring a trusted advocate or professional to IEP meetings if you want extra support. Dr. Kealoha is available to attend IEP meetings for students she has evaluated, either privately or via an IEE.

  
  

How Kealoha Psychology Can Help

Understanding IEPs and IEEs while navigating the world of special education can be overwhelming and confusing - but you are not alone! Kealoha Psychology is on the IEE Preferred Provider List for school districts throughout San Diego. To learn more about our IEE services, please visit our Evaluations Types page.

Additionally, if you have questions about your child's needs or would like a professional consultation to discuss their current school-based services and supports, please call us at (858) 381-2636 or complete our "Get in Touch" online form to schedule an appointment with our Pediatric Clinical Psychologist.